Izixazululo Zokulungisa Nokulungisa Imigwaqo

I. Ukuhlukaniswa Kokulondolozwa Kwemvelo kanye Nezimo Ezisebenzayo

II. Ubuchwepheshe obubalulekile kanye namasu

1. Ubuchwepheshe bokulungisa ukuvimbela

● Isendlalelo sokuvala inkungu (Uphawu Lwenkungu)

i.Indlela: sebenzisa imishini yokucindezela okuphezulu ukuze ufafaze i-asphalt emulsified noma i-asphalt rejuvenation agent (umthamo ongu-0.8-1.2kg/m²), uvale imifantu emincane yendlela, bese ubuyisela i-viscosity ye-asphalt.

ii. Umphumela: Ukulibazisa ukuguga iminyaka emi-5-8, izindleko ziyi-1/5-1/3 kuphela yokugaya nokulungisa ubuso.

● Ukufakwa Komphezulu Omncane

i. Izinto: I-asphalt emulsified eguquliwe nge-polymer + i-aggregate (3-5mm) + i-filler, ukujiya okungu-5-10mm. ii.

ii. Ukusetshenziswa: Ukulungisa imisele (ukujula okungu-≤15mm), thuthukisa ukumelana nokushelela, kuvulelekele ithrafikhi emahoreni ama-2 ngemuva kokwakhiwa.

● Ukugcwalisa Imifantu

i. Izinto: I-Silicone sealant, inhlaka ye-asphalt enjoloba (izinga lokushisa -20℃ kuya ku-70℃).

ii.Indlela: hlanza imifantu (umoya ocindezelwe) → ukufudumeza udonga lomsele → isivalo sokugcwalisa → ukwakheka kokupholisa.

2. Ubuchwepheshe bokulungisa ukulungisa

Ukulungiswa kokuvuselelwa okushisayo

● Ukuvuselelwa kokushisa endaweni:

Shisisa umgwaqo omdala (100-130℃) → susa i-rake → engeza i-regeneration agent → phinda upave futhi ugingqike.

Inzuzo: Ukusetshenziswa okungu-100% kwezinto zokwakha umgwaqo, ukuvikelwa kwemvelo kanye nokusebenza kahle okuphezulu, okulungele ukulungiswa kwezifo okuqhubekayo.

● Ukuvuselelwa okushisayo okuxubile kwasefekthri:

Izinto ezindala zithuthwa ziyiswe efektri bese zixutshwa nezinto ezintsha (isilinganiso sezinto ezivuselelwe kabusha ≤ 30%), ezisetshenziswa engqimbeni engaphezulu noma ezingeni lezimpande zotshani.

Ukulungiswa Kwe-Cold Patch

● Izinto zokwakha: Ingxube ye-asphalt eqediwe ebandayo (enezithasiselo, ingakhiwa ku--10℃ kuya ku-40℃).

● Isimo: ukulungiswa okuphuthumayo, ukwakhiwa kwasebusika, ukungabikho kwemishini yokufudumeza, kungavulelwa izimoto ngemva kokuqiniswa.

3. Ubuchwepheshe bokulungisa isakhiwo

● Ukuqinisa i-grouting enemibhede yomgwaqo

Inqubo: bhoboza imigodi ongqimbeni lwesifo se-roadbed (isb. isisekelo esithambile, imbobo) → faka i-simende slurry noma i-polyurethane foam → gcwalisa bese ucindezela.

Ukuhlolwa: Ukuqhathaniswa kwe-geo-radar kusetshenziswa ngaphambi nangemva kokuhlanganisa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ukuqina kuthuthukisiwe ngo-≥20%.

● UKUGUQUKA KWENDLEBE (UKUGUQUKA KWENDLEBE)

Okusebenzayo: amandla aphelele e-pavement endala yekhonkrithi yesamente awanele futhi kudingeka ashintshwe abe yi-pavement ye-asphalt.

Inqubo: I-crusher yekhanda enesando esiningi iphula i-slab endala ibe yizinhlayiya ezingu-3-10cm → ukuchoboza nokuzinzisa → ungqimba lokumunca ukucindezeleka kokugandaya → ungqimba lobuso be-asphalt.

● Inzuzo: ukulondoloza isakhiwo sokuqala somgwaqo, ukunciphisa isikhathi sokwakha ngo-50%, kanye nokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwemfucuza yokwakha.

4. Ubuchwepheshe Bokulungisa Eziphuthumayo

izinto zokulungisa ngokushesha

● Usimende oqina ngokushesha: amandla afinyelela ku-20MPa ngehora eli-1, asetshenziselwa ukulungisa izimbobo kanye nepuleti eliphukile ngokuphuthumayo.

● Izinto ezihlanganisiwe ze-polymer: isib. ungqimba lwe-MMA (methyl methacrylate), oluqina ngemizuzu engama-20, olusetshenziselwa ukulungisa okuphuthumayo imigwaqo yezindiza.

Izinhlelo zokukhipha amanzi zesikhashana

● Amaloli epompo ahambayo (izinga lokugeleza ≥500m³/h) ayafakwa ngesikhathi semvula enkulu, ahlanganiswe nezikhwama zesihlabathi ukuvala izindawo lapho amanzi angangeni khona, futhi ukufinyelela kuyabuyiselwa zingakapheli amahora ama-4.

III. Uhlelo lokuphatha ukulungiswa okuhlakaniphile

1. Ubuchwepheshe bokuthola nokuhlola

imishini yokuhlola engonakalisi

● I-Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR): ithola ukujiya okunezingqimba, izikhala kanye nokuqukethwe kwamanzi kombhede womgwaqo ngokunemba okungu-±5cm.

● Ithuluzi Lokulinganisa Nge-Laser: Kala ngokushesha i-IRI (International Leveling Index) bese unquma ikhwalithi yokushayela komgwaqo (i-IRI≤2.5m/km inhle kakhulu).

● Ithuluzi Lokujula Kokugoba Kwesando Esiwelayo (FWD): Nquma amandla okuthwala isakhiwo sendlela, bese uqondisa izinqumo zokugcinwa kwesakhiwo.

Ipulatifomu yokuhlola yedijithali

● isungula "amarekhodi ezempilo" emigwaqweni, ihlaziya izitayela zokuthuthukiswa kwezifo ngokusebenzisa ama-algorithms e-AI, futhi ikhiqize ngokuzenzakalelayo uhlu lwezinto eziza kuqala ekunakekelweni (isb., ukubeka phambili izingxenye zomgwaqo nge-RQI (inkomba yekhwalithi yokushayela umgwaqo)

2. Ukuhlela Nokuqapha Okuhlakaniphile

Ukuphathwa kwe-GPS kwezimoto zokulungisa

● Ukulandelela indawo yemishini kanye nendlela yokusebenza ngesikhathi sangempela ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuhlela umzila (isb. lapho ama-paver amaningi esebenza ndawonye, ​​​​isikhala silawulwa ku-5-8m).

Uhlelo Lokuqapha Olukude

● Ukufakwa kwama-strain gauge kanye nezinzwa zokuthambekela emabhulohweni ayisihluthulelo nasemapayipini, ngama-alamu azenzakalelayo edatha engajwayelekile (isb. izinga lokukhula koqhekeko > 0.2mm / ngenyanga).

3. Ukusekelwa kwezinqumo ze-Big data

Hlaziya idatha yokugcinwa komlando bese usungula imodeli yokuhlobana “Kwezifo - Isimo Sezulu - Ithrafikhi”, isibonelo:

● Ngaphambi kwesizini yemvula, gxila ekuhloleni uhlelo lokukhipha amanzi ezingxenyeni zemigwaqo ezivame ukuba namanzi;

● Ukuhlolwa kokumelana nemigqa ezingxenyeni zethrafikhi enkulu.

IV. Ukuvikelwa Kwemvelo kanye Nemikhuba Eqhubekayo

1. Ukuvuselelwa kwezinto zokwakha kabusha

● Izinga lokusebenzisa kabusha i-asphalt endala lingu-≥95%, futhi izinto ezisetshenziswa kabusha zisetshenziselwa izinga lezimpande noma ungqimba lomgwaqo olusezingeni eliphansi;

● Imfucuza yekhonkrithi icutshungulwa ibe yinhlanganisela ephinde yasetshenziswa (izinga lokusetshenziswa ≥80%), esetshenziselwa imigwaqo yesikhashana noma imigwaqo yamapaki.

2. Ukukhuthazwa kwenqubo engenakhabhoni eningi

● Khulisa isilinganiso sokwakhiwa kwe-asphalt exutshwe ngokufudumele sibe ngaphezu kuka-30%, kunciphisa ukukhishwa kwe-CO₂ cishe nge-asphalt engu-20kg/ton;

● Imishini yokulungisa kagesi (isib. ama-roller kagesi, ama-sweeper) ithatha indawo yemishini kaphethiloli kancane kancane, inciphisa umsindo ngo-10-15dB.

3. Ukuvuselelwa kwemvelo

● Ukulungiswa kwe-slope kusebenzisa ukhonkolo wezitshalo (kufaka phakathi imbewu yotshani kanye ne-ejenti yokugcina amanzi), ngesilinganiso sokumbozwa esingu-90% zingakapheli izinyanga eziyi-6;

● thatha izitshalo ezibekezelela isomiso (isib. iSedum) ukuze zihlukanise phakathi, kunciphisa amanzi okunisela ngamaphesenti angaphezu kuka-50%.

V. Izibonelo zezinhlelo zokunakekela ezijwayelekile

1. Iphakheji yokulungisa yokuvimbela imigwaqo emikhulu

● Izimo zomgwaqo ezisebenzayo: eminyakeni emi-5-8 ngemuva kokuqaliswa komgwaqo omkhulu, akukho zifo zesakhiwo ebusweni bomgwaqo, imifantu emincane kanye nokuguga.

● Uhlelo:

i. Ukugcwalisa nokuvala imifantu kulo lonke umugqa (wemifantu enobubanzi >3mm). ii;

ii.Indawo encane yomgwaqo wokuthutha impahla (ukujiya okungu-8mm), ungqimba lokuvala inkungu oluqinile. iii;

Ukuphindaphinda: Isikhathi esisodwa ngonyaka, iminyaka emi-3 ilandelana, izindleko eziphelele zehliswe ngo-40% uma kuqhathaniswa nokubuyiselwa kwesifo ngemuva kokugula.

2. Ukulungiswa Okuphuthumayo Kwemigwaqo Emikhulu Yasemadolobheni

● Isimo: imbobo etholakale ekuseni kakhulu (ukujula okungu-15cm, indawo engu-10㎡), idinga ukulungiswa zingakapheli amahora ayi-6.

● uhlelo:

i. Sika imbobo (yandise ibe yisimo esijwayelekile) → susa imfucuza ekhululekile. ii;

ii. Ingxube ye-asphalt epheshayo ebandayo (ukuhlanganiswa kube yizingqimba ezimbili, ukujiya kwengqimba ngayinye kube ≤7cm);

iii.Ukusakaza amatshe ukuze kuvinjelwe amasondo okunamathela nokubeka izimpawu zesikhashana zokuxwayisa ngaphambi kokuvula ithrafikhi.

3. Ukulungiswa kwemigwaqo yasemakhaya okungabizi kakhulu

● ubuchwepheshe:

● isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe “bokufaka udaka oluyi-gravel + i-asphalt cover emulsified” ukuze igcwalise ungqimba lokuguguleka ngaphambi kwesizini yemvula minyaka yonke;

● khuthaza izakhamuzi ukuthi zihlanganyele ekuhlolweni kwansuku zonke futhi zibike noma yisiphi isifo ngokushesha (indlela yokukhuthaza).

VI. Izinkomba zokuhlola ukusebenza kahle kokulondolozwa kwemvelo

Isifinyezo

Isixazululo sokulungiswa nokulungiswa kwemigwaqo siqaphela ushintsho oluvela “ekulungiseni okungenamsebenzi” luye “ekuvimbeleni okusebenzayo” ngokusebenzisa lonke uchungechunge “lokuthola okunembile - isinqumo sesayensi - ukuqaliswa okuphumelelayo - ukuphinda kusetshenziswe”. “kuya “ekuvimbeleni okusebenzayo”. Isiqondiso sentuthuko yesikhathi esizayo sigxile ekuhlakanipheni (ukuhlonza izifo ze-AI, imishini yokulungisa engenamuntu), ukulima (izinto eziphinde zasetshenziswa ngokugcwele, izinqubo zekhabhoni ephansi) kanye nokuqina (ukuhlela ngokubambisana kwezinsizakalo eziningi), ekugcineni kuqaphela ukwabiwa okuhle kwezinsiza zokulungisa kanye nokulondoloza nokukhulisa inani lezimpahla zomgwaqo.