Mhinduro dzeKugadzirisa Migwagwa

I. Kurongwa Kwekuchengetedzwa Kwenzvimbo uye Mamiriro Anoshanda

II. Matekinoroji akakosha uye matekiniki

1. Tekinoroji yekuchengetedza yekudzivirira

● Chisimbiso chemhute (Chisimbiso chemhute)

i.Maitiro: shandisa michina ine simba guru kupfapfaidza asphalt yakasanganiswa kana asphalt rejuvenation agent (muyero we 0.8-1.2kg/m²), vhara mitswe midiki yemugwagwa, uye dzorera viscosity yeasphalt.

ii. Mhedzisiro: Kunonoka kukwegura kwemakore mashanu kusvika masere, mutengo wacho ingori 1/5-1/3 yekugaya nekugadzira patsva.

● Nzvimbo diki

i. Zvinhu: Asphalt yakagadziriswa nepolymer + aggregate (3-5mm) + filler, ukobvu hwe5-10mm. ii.

ii. Mashandisirwo: Gadzirisa migwagwa (kudzika ≤15mm), vandudza kusimba kwemudhudhudhu, uye vhura traffic maawa maviri mushure mekuvakwa.

● Kuzadza Mitswe

i.Zvinhu: Silicone sealant, rabha asphalt namira (tembiricha -20℃ kusvika 70℃).

ii.Maitiro: kuchenesa mitswe (kuvhuvhuta nemhepo yakamanikidzwa) → kupisa madziro emugero → chivharo chekuzadza → kuumba kunotonhodza.

2. Tekinoroji yekugadzirisa kugadzirisa

Kugadzirisa kupisa kwemuviri

● Kuvandudzwa kwekupisa panzvimbo iyi:

Pisa nzira yekare (100-130℃) → bvisa tsvina → wedzera chinhu chinogadzirisa → gadzira patsva uye tenderedza.

Zvakanakira: Kushandiswa kwevhu rekutanga nematombo ekare 100%, kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza uye kushanda zvakanaka, zvakakodzera kugadziriswa kwezvirwere nguva dzose.

● Kugadziriswazve kwemuchina wakasanganiswa unopisa:

Zvinhu zvekare zvinotakurwa kudzokera kufekitori zvosanganiswa nezvinhu zvitsva (chikamu chezvinhu zvakadzorerwa ≤ 30%), zvinoshandiswa pamusoro pevhu kana padanho remidzi yevhu.

Kugadzirisa Cold Patch

● Zvinhu: Musanganiswa weasphalt wakapedzwa wakaiswa muchina unotonhora (une zvinowedzerwa, unogona kugadzirwa pa - 10℃ kusvika 40℃).

● Mamiriro ezvinhu: kugadziriswa kwekukurumidzira, kuvaka munguva yechando, pasina michina yekudziyisa, zvinogona kuvhurwa kuti zvifambiswe nevanhu mushure mekumanikidzwa.

3. Tekinoroji yekugadzirisa zvivakwa

● Kusimbisa maburi emumugwagwa

Maitiro: Bhoora maburi padanho rekudzivirira chirwere chemugwagwa (semuenzaniso hwaro hwakapfava, husina chinhu) → isa jekiseni simende kana furo repolyurethane → zadza wobva wasunga.

Kuongorora: Kuenzanisa kwenzvimbo kunoshandiswa usati waisa girasi uye mushure mekuisa girasi kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti kusimba kwayo kwavandudzika ne ≥20%.

● KUGADZIRWA KWEMATOMBO (KUGADZIRWA KWEMATOMBO)

Zvinoshanda: simba rese remugwagwa wekare wekongiri wesimende harina kukwana uye rinoda kuchinjwa kuita mugwagwa weasphalt.

Maitiro: Muchina wekupwanya musoro une nyundo dzakawanda unopwanya slab yekare kuita zvidimbu zve 3-10cm → kupwanya nekusimbisa → paving stress absorption layer → asphalt surface layer.

● Zvakanakira: kuchengetedza chivakwa chepakutanga chemugwagwa, kupfupisa nguva yekuvaka ne50%, uye kuderedza kuburitswa kwemarara ekuvaka.

4. Tekinoroji Yekugadzirisa Dambudziko Rekukurumidzira

zvinhu zvinogadziriswa nekukurumidza

● Simende inoomesa nekukurumidza: simba rayo rinosvika 20MPa muawa imwe chete, rinoshandiswa pakugadzirisa maburi nemapundu epurasitiki.

● Zvinhu zvakagadzirwa nepolymer: semuenzaniso MMA (methyl methacrylate) coating, inopora mumaminitsi makumi maviri, inoshandiswa pakugadzirisa nhandare dzendege nekukurumidza.

Masisitimu emvura enguva pfupi

● Marori epombi anofambiswa (muyero wekuyerera kwemvura ≥500m³/awa) anoiswa kana mvura yanaya zvakanyanya, pamwe chete nemabhegi ejecha kuti avhare nzvimbo dzinonyanya kunyura mvura, uye nzira yekupinda inodzorerwa mukati memaawa mana.

III. Sisitimu yekutarisira kuchengetedza yakangwara

1. Tekinoroji yekuona nekuongorora

michina yekuyedza isingaparadze

● Radar Inopinda Pasi (Ground Penetrating Radar): inoona ukobvu hwakarongwa, maburi uye huwandu hwemvura hwemugwagwa nekururama kwe ±5cm.

● Chishandiso Chekuyera NeLaser: Yera IRI nekukurumidza (International Leveling Index) uye sarudza mhando yekutyaira pamusoro pemugwagwa (IRI≤2.5m/km yakanaka kwazvo).

● Chishandiso Chekukotamisa Nyundo Inodonha (FWD): Sarudza kugona kwekutakura kwechivako chemugwagwa, uye tungamira zvisarudzo zvekuchengetedza chivako.

Puratifomu yekuongorora yedhijitari

● inogadzira "zvinyorwa zvehutano" mumigwagwa, inoongorora mafambiro ekukura kwezvirwere kuburikidza nemaalgorithms eAI, uye inogadzira otomatiki runyorwa rwezvinhu zvakakosha pakugadzirisa (semuenzaniso, kuisa pamberi zvikamu zvemigwagwa neRQI (chiratidzo chemhando yekutyaira pamusoro pemugwagwa)

2. Kuronga nekutarisa zvine hungwaru

Kutarisira GPS kwemotokari dzekugadzirisa

● Kutevera nzvimbo yemidziyo nenguva chaiyo uye nzira yekushanda kwayo kuti pave nekurongeka kwenzira (semuenzaniso kana mapaipi akawanda ari kushanda pamwe chete, nzvimbo yacho inodzorwa pa5-8m).

Sisitimu Yekutarisa Kure

● Kuiswa kwema "strain gauges" uye "inclination sensors" mumabhiriji makuru nematunnel, nema "alarms" otomatiki ekuona data risingawanzoitiki (semuenzaniso "crack expansion rate" > 0.2mm / mwedzi).

3. Rutsigiro rwekusarudza Big Data

Ongorora data rekare rekuchengetedza uye gadzira muenzaniso wekubatana kwe "Zvirwere - Mamiriro ekunze - Kufamba kwemotokari", semuenzaniso:

● Mwaka wemvura usati wasvika, tarisa pakutarisa nzira yekubvisa mvura mumigwagwa isingawanzoitiki;

● Kuedza kudzivirira migwagwa pamigwagwa ine vanhu vakawanda.

IV. Kudzivirirwa Kwezvakatipoteredza uye Maitiro Anogara Aripo

1. Kudzokorodza zvinhu

● Mwero wekudzokorodza weasphalt yekare i ≥95%, uye zvinhu zvakadzokororwa zvinoshandiswa pakukura kwemidzi yevhu kana kuti mugwagwa wepamusoro wepasi;

● Marara ekongiri anogadziriswa kuita zvinhu zvinoshandiswazve (muyero wekushandiswa ≥80%), izvo zvinoshandiswa pamigwagwa yenguva pfupi kana yepaki.

2. Kukurudzira maitiro ekuderedza kabhoni

● Wedzera huwandu hwekuvaka asphalt inodziya kusvika pamusoro pe30%, zvichideredza kuburitswa kweCO₂ neinenge 20kg/tani asphalt;

● Midziyo yekugadzirisa magetsi (semuenzaniso maroller emagetsi, masweeper) inotsiva michina yemafuta zvishoma nezvishoma, ichideredza ruzha ne10-15dB.

3. Kugadziriswa kwezvakatipoteredza

● Kugadzirisa nzvimbo dzakatenuka kunoshandisa kongiri yemiti (kusanganisira mbeu yehuswa uye chinhu chinochengetedza mvura), ne90% yehuwandu hwemvura mukati memwedzi mitanhatu;

● tora zvirimwa zvinotsungirira kusanaya kwemvura (semuenzaniso Sedum) kuti zvigovaniswe pakati, zvichideredza mvura yekudiridza neinopfuura 50%.

V. Mienzaniso yezvirongwa zvekugadzirisa zvinhu

1. Pakeji yekuchengetedza migwagwa mikuru

● Mamiriro emugwagwa anoshanda: makore mashanu kusvika masere mushure mekuvhurwa kwemugwagwa, hapana zvirwere zvemumugwagwa, mitswe midiki uye kukwegura.

● Chirongwa:

i. Kuzadza nekuvhara mitswe yakatevedza mutsetse wese (kune mitswe ine upamhi >3mm). ii;

ii. Nzvimbo yekutakura zvinhu (ukobvu hwe8mm), jira rekuvhara pfudzi rakaoma. iii;

Kuongororwa kwechirwere: kamwe chete pagore, makore matatu akatevedzana, mari yese inoderedzwa ne40% zvichienzaniswa nekudzorerwa kwechirwere mushure mekurwara.

2. Kugadziriswa Kwekukurumidza Kwemigwagwa Yemaguta

● Mamiriro ezvinhu: gomba rakawanikwa mangwanani-ngwanani (kudzika kwe15cm, nzvimbo ye10㎡), rinofanira kugadziriswa mukati memaawa matanhatu.

● chirongwa:

i. Cheka gomba (wedzera kuita chimiro chakajairika) → chenesa marara akasununguka. ii;

ii. Musanganiswa weasphalt unonamirwa nematombo anotonhora (kumanikidzwa muzvikamu zviviri, ukobvu hwechikamu chimwe nechimwe ≤7cm);

iii. Kuparadzira zvimedu zvematombo kudzivirira kunamira mavhiri uye kuisa zviratidzo zvenguva pfupi usati wavhura kuti mota dzisapinda.

3. Kugadziriswa kwemigwagwa yekumaruwa kusingadhuri

● tekinoroji:

● inoshandisa tekinoroji ye "Matombo anochera madhaka + chifukidziro cheasphalt chakasanganiswa" kuzadza jira rekukwesha nguva yemvura isati yasvika gore rega rega;

● kurudzira vagari vemumusha kuti vatore chikamu muongororo dzezuva nezuva uye vanyorere chirwere chero chipi zvacho nekukurumidza (nzira yekukurudzira).

VI. Zviratidzo zvekuongorora kushanda kwekuchengetedza

Pfupiso

Mhinduro yekugadzirisa nekugadzirisa migwagwa inoita kuti pave nekuchinja kubva pa "kugadzirisa zvinhu zvisina basa" kuenda pa "kudzivirira zvinhu zvine simba" kuburikidza nehurongwa hwese hwe "kuona zvinhu nemazvo - sarudzo yesainzi - kuita zvinobudirira - kudzokorodza zvinhu". "kuenda ku "kudzivirira zvinhu zvine simba". Nzira yekufambira mberi mune ramangwana inotarisa pahungwaru (kuziva chirwere cheAI, michina yekuchengetedza isina vanhu), greening (zvinhu zvakadzokororwa zvizere, maitiro e low-carbon) uye kuwedzera (kuronga mabasa akawanda pamwe chete), pakupedzisira kuzadzisa kugoverwa kwakakwana kwezviwanikwa zvekuchengetedza uye kuchengetedza nekuwedzera kukosha kwezvinhu zvemugwagwa.