Maganin Gyaran Hanya da Gyara

I. Rarraba Kare Muhalli da Yanayi Masu Dacewa

II. Manyan fasahohi da dabaru

1. Fasahar kariya daga cututtuka

● Tsarin rufe hazo (Hatimin Hazo)

i.Dabara: Yi amfani da kayan aiki masu ƙarfi don fesa kwalta mai emulsified ko maganin sake farfaɗo da kwalta (yawan allurar shine 0.8-1.2kg/m²), rufe ƙananan fasa na titin, da kuma dawo da danko na kwalta.

ii. Tasiri: Jinkirin tsufa na tsawon shekaru 5-8, farashin shine 1/5-1/3 kawai na niƙa da sake gyara surfacing.

● Ƙaramin Sama

i. Kayan aiki: Kwalta mai gyaran polymer + tara (3-5mm) + abin cikawa, kauri 5-10mm. ii.

ii. Amfani: Gyaran lalacewar da ke ƙasa (zurfin ≤15mm), inganta juriyar skid, a buɗe ga zirga-zirga awanni 2 bayan gini.

● Cike Tsagewa

i. Kayan aiki: Silicone sealant, manne mai roba (zafin jiki -20℃ zuwa 70℃).

ii.Dabara: tsaftace tsagewar (busa iska mai matsewa) → dumama bangon tsagi → abin rufe fuska → ƙera sanyaya.

2. Fasahar gyarawa

Gyaran farfadowa mai zafi

● Sabuntawar zafi a wurin:

Zafafa tsohon titin (100-130℃) → Rake ya kwance → ƙara mai sake farfaɗowa → sake shimfidawa da birgima.

Riba: Amfani da kayan shimfidar ƙasa na asali 100%, kariyar muhalli da ingantaccen aiki, wanda ya dace da ci gaba da gyaran cututtuka.

● Sabuntawar zafi mai gauraye a masana'anta:

Ana mayar da tsohon kayan zuwa masana'anta sannan a gauraya shi da sabon abu (kashi na kayan da aka sake sabunta ≤ 30%), wanda ake amfani da shi a matakin saman ko kuma matakin tushen ciyawa.

Gyaran Facin Sanyi

● Kayan Aiki: Haɗin kwalta mai sanyi da aka gama (tare da ƙari, ana iya gina shi a - 10℃ zuwa 40℃).

● Yanayi: gyaran gaggawa, ginin hunturu, babu kayan dumama, za a iya buɗewa ga masu ababen hawa bayan an gama aiki.

3. Fasahar gyaran gine-gine

● Ƙarfafa grouting na gadoji

Tsarin aiki: haƙa ramuka zuwa layin cutar hanya (misali tushe mai laushi, rami) → allurar siminti ko kumfa polyurethane → cika da kuma ƙarami.

Dubawa: Ana amfani da kwatancen geo-radar kafin da kuma bayan grouting don tabbatar da cewa an inganta ƙaramin ƙarfin da ≥20%.

● TAFIN RUWAN ...

An yi amfani da shi: ƙarfin tsohon simintin siminti bai isa ba kuma yana buƙatar a canza shi zuwa simintin kwalta.

Tsarin aiki: Na'urar niƙa kan guduma mai yawa tana murƙushe tsohon farantin zuwa barbashi mai tsawon 3-10cm → niƙawa da daidaita → shimfida layin shaye-shaye na damuwa → Layer saman kwalta.

● Fa'ida: kiyaye tsarin gado na asali, rage lokacin gini da kashi 50%, da kuma rage fitar da sharar gini.

4. Fasahar Gyaran Gaggawa

kayan gyara da sauri

● Siminti mai taurarewa da sauri: ƙarfi yana kaiwa 20MPa cikin awa 1, ana amfani da shi don gyara ramuka da farantin da ya karye.

● Kayan haɗin polymer: misali murfin MMA (methyl methacrylate), mai laushi cikin mintuna 20, ana amfani da shi don gyara hanyoyin jirgin sama na gaggawa.

Tsarin magudanar ruwa na wucin gadi

● Ana amfani da manyan motocin famfo masu motsi (yawan kwararar ruwa ≥500m³/h) a lokacin ruwan sama mai ƙarfi, tare da jakunkunan yashi don rufe wuraren da ruwa ke iya shiga, kuma za a dawo da hanyar shiga cikin awanni 4.

III. Tsarin kula da gyare-gyare mai hankali

1. Fasahar ganowa da kimantawa

kayan aikin gwaji marasa lalatawa

● Radar mai shiga ƙasa (GPR): yana gano kauri mai layi, gurɓatattun abubuwa da kuma yawan ruwan da ke cikin gadon hanya tare da daidaiton ±5cm.

● Kayan Aikin Haɓaka Laser: A auna IRI (International Leveling Index) da sauri kuma a tantance ingancin tuƙi na saman hanya (IRI≤2.5m/km yana da kyau sosai).

● Kayan aiki Mai Zurfin Lanƙwasa Hammer Mai Faɗuwa (FWD): Tantance ƙarfin ɗaukar nauyin tsarin titin, da kuma jagorantar shawarwarin kula da tsarin.

Dandalin kimantawa na dijital

● yana kafa "bayanan lafiya" na hanya, yana nazarin yanayin ci gaban cututtuka ta hanyar algorithms na AI, kuma yana samar da jerin abubuwan da suka fi muhimmanci a gyara (misali, fifita sassan hanya tare da RQI (ƙimar tuƙi a saman hanya)

2. Tsara Ayyuka da Kulawa Mai Hankali

Gudanar da GPS don motocin gyarawa

● Bin diddigin wurin kayan aiki da hanyar aiki a ainihin lokaci don inganta tsarin hanya (misali lokacin da masu shimfida hanyoyi da yawa ke aiki tare, ana sarrafa tazara a mita 5-8).

Tsarin Kulawa Daga Nesa

● Shigar da ma'aunin matsin lamba da na'urori masu auna karkacewa a cikin manyan gadoji da ramuka, tare da ƙararrawa ta atomatik don bayanai marasa kyau (misali ƙimar faɗaɗa fashewa > 0.2mm / wata).

3. Tallafin yanke shawara mai girma

Yi nazarin bayanan kulawa na tarihi kuma ka kafa tsarin alaƙar "Cuta - Yanayi - zirga-zirga", misali:

● Kafin lokacin damina, a mayar da hankali kan duba tsarin magudanar ruwa na sassan tituna masu fuskantar matsalar ruwa;

● Ƙirƙirar gwajin juriyar ruttu a kan sassan zirga-zirga masu yawa.

IV. Kare Muhalli da Ayyukan Dorewa

1. Sake amfani da kayan aiki

● Yawan sake amfani da tsohon kwalta ya kai kashi ≥95%, kuma ana amfani da kayan da aka sake amfani da su don matakin ciyawa ko kuma matakin saman hanya mai ƙarancin inganci;

● Ana sarrafa sharar siminti zuwa tarin da aka sake yin amfani da su (ƙimar amfani ≥80%), wanda ake amfani da shi don hanyoyin shiga ko wuraren shakatawa na ɗan lokaci.

2. Inganta tsarin rage sinadarin carbon

● Ƙara yawan ginin kwalta mai ɗumi zuwa fiye da kashi 30%, rage fitar da iskar CO₂ da kimanin kilogiram 20 a kowace tan;

● Kayan aikin gyaran wutar lantarki (misali na'urorin birgima na lantarki, masu shara) suna maye gurbin kayan aikin mai a hankali, suna rage hayaniya da 10-15dB.

3. Maido da Muhalli

● Kula da gangara yana amfani da simintin ciyawa (gami da nau'in ciyawa da kuma maganin riƙe ruwa), tare da kashi 90% na kariya cikin watanni 6;

● a rungumi shuke-shuke masu jure fari (misali Sedum) don raba ruwan ban ruwa na tsakiya, wanda hakan ke rage ruwan ban ruwa da fiye da kashi 50%.

V. Misalan shirye-shiryen kulawa na yau da kullun

1. Tsarin gyaran manyan hanyoyi na rigakafi

● Yanayin hanya mai dacewa: Shekaru 5-8 bayan ƙaddamar da babbar hanya, babu cututtukan tsari a saman hanya, ƙananan tsagewa da tsufa.

● Shirin:

i. Cikewa da rufe tsage-tsage a kan dukkan layin (don tsage-tsage masu faɗin fiye da 3mm). ii;

ii. Ƙananan saman hanyar mota (kauri 8mm), layin rufe hazo mai tauri a kafada. iii;

Lokaci-lokaci: Sau 1 a shekara, shekaru 3 a jere, jimlar farashi ya ragu da kashi 40% idan aka kwatanta da dawo da cutar bayan cutar.

2. Gyaran Gaggawa na Titunan Birane

● Yanayi: ramin da aka samu da sanyin safiya (zurfin 15cm, yanki 10㎡), ana buƙatar a gyara shi cikin awanni 6.

● shirin:

i. Yanke ramin ramin (faɗaɗa zuwa siffar da ta dace) → tsaftace tarkacen da suka lalace. ii;

ii. Haɗin kwalta mai sanyi a kan shimfidar ƙasa (matsewa a cikin layuka biyu, kauri kowane Layer ≤7cm);

iii. Yaɗa guntun dutse don hana mannewa da tayoyi da kuma sanya alamun gargaɗi na ɗan lokaci kafin buɗewa ga zirga-zirga.

3. Gyaran hanyoyin karkara masu rahusa

● fasaha:

● ta rungumi fasahar "tsakuwar laka da murfin kwalta mai narkewa" don cike layin gogewa kafin lokacin damina kowace shekara;

● a tattaro mutanen gari don shiga cikin binciken yau da kullun da kuma bayar da rahoton kowace cuta cikin gaggawa (tsarin ƙarfafa gwiwa).

VI. Alamomi don tantance ingancin kiyayewa

Takaitaccen Bayani

Maganin gyaran hanya da gyara yana gano canji daga "gyaran da ba a iya gyarawa ba" zuwa "rigakafin aiki" ta hanyar dukkan tsarin sarrafa sarkar "ganowa daidai - yanke shawara na kimiyya - aiwatarwa mai inganci - sake amfani da ita". "zuwa "rigakafin aiki". Alkiblar ci gaba ta gaba ta mayar da hankali kan hankali (gano cututtukan AI, injunan gyara marasa matuki), kore (kayayyaki da aka sake yin amfani da su gaba ɗaya, hanyoyin rage gurɓataccen carbon) da kuma ƙarfafawa (tsara jadawalin haɗin gwiwa tsakanin ayyuka da yawa), a ƙarshe cimma mafi kyawun rarraba albarkatun kulawa da kiyayewa da ƙara darajar kadarorin hanya.